Ascending to the top of CO2 avoidance in the EU cement sector through the innovative OxyCalciner technology

Introduction

The large-scale Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS) “OLYMPUS” project aims to transform the Milaki cement plant in Evia, Greece into a net-zero carbon cement plant, through the adoption of innovative technologies. Captured CO2 will be liquefied and transported by sea to the Greek offshore sequestration facility of Prinos in the northern part of the Aegean Sea. The project is planned to achieve a 95% relative greenhouse gas (GHG) emission avoidance compared to the reference scenario.

Technology and Efficiency

The Milaki plant will be retrofitted with state-of-the-art technologies, increasing energy and resource efficiency, as well as circularity, allowing for low incremental capturing costs of CO2. The technology is expected to reduce the complexity compared to a full oxyfuel approach and aims to optimise the cost efficiency of captured CO2.

Energy Recovery

Further to the maximum energy recuperation with the Waste Heat Recovery System (WHRs), the plant will cover its full electricity demand of 365 gigawatt hours (GWh)/year (for reference, similar to 220,000 EU average annual citizens' consumption). This will be achieved via renewable energy with a >90% penetration rate, whereas thermal energy demand will come from >80% alternative (non-fossil) fuels.

Emission Avoidance

The project expects to have an absolute GHG emissions avoidance of 6.8 million tonnes CO2 equivalent during the first ten years of operation.

Strategic Contributions

The project will contribute to the objectives of the REPowerEU strategy by helping to reduce fossil fuel consumption in industry and transport, and particularly to the objectives of the Net-Zero Industry Act (NZIA) of reaching 50 mega tonnes (Mt)/year CO2 storage capacity by 2030.

Green Construction Materials

The project will also promote the production of green construction materials, sequestrating more than 900,000 tonnes CO2/year. It will contribute to both Greek and European climate neutrality by creating new markets for climate-neutral and circular products, such as steel, cement, and basic chemicals.

Socio-Economic Impacts

The project will have positive socio-economic impacts at the regional level, expecting to create 1,000 jobs (400 direct and 600 indirect), including collaboration with subcontractors and suppliers, thus contributing to the overall economic development of the area.

Knowledge Hub

OLYMPUS will also serve as a CCS knowledge hub, promoting knowledge sharing among policymakers, academia, professionals, and other stakeholders. The creation of knowledge-sharing networks, exchange of technology, expertise, and best practices will also facilitate stakeholder learning and contribute to the development of innovative solutions for decarbonising energy-intensive industries.