Gravitational interferometry with entangled states in optical fibers

Introduction

The four known interactions that occur in nature can be described either by Einstein's general relativity or by quantum field theory. Over the last decades, physicists have tried to put these two pillars of modern physics on a common foundation. In doing so, they have been limited by a lack of experiments at the interface of these two frameworks.

Theories Verification

Both theories have been independently verified with astonishing precision, but all verifications to date have come without drawing on concepts from the other theory.

Project Goal

The goal of GRAVITES is to perform experiments at the interface of quantum physics and general relativity. For the first time, we will measure gravitational properties of single and entangled photons in the background of Einstein's gravity.

Methodology

To this end, GRAVITES aims to combine four complementary disciplines:

1. Quantum photonics
2. Precision interferometry
3. Expertise in general relativity
4. Expertise in quantum field theory

The synergy among the research groups will realize a large-scale fiber interferometer with unprecedented precision.

Technological Advancements

Since the sensitivity of GRAVITES's apparatus must exceed present large-scale fiber-based quantum interferometers by orders of magnitude, the two experimental teams must combine cutting-edge technologies in their respective fields for advancing single-photon interferometry.

These developments are also of direct relevance for many other applications such as:

• Quantum metrology
• Quantum sensing

Theoretical Investigations

In parallel, the theory teams will investigate the combined effects of gravitation and field quantization in dielectric waveguides.

Conclusion

With this united effort, GRAVITES is in the position to explore new physics that determines the gravitational properties of quantum superposition and quantum entanglement. This will allow us to create a unique experimental platform for probing how gravity interacts with the quantum world.