Revealing the neural computations that distinguish imagination from reality

This project aims to investigate how the brain distinguishes between imagination and reality through sensory processing and cognitive control, using advanced neuroimaging and computational methods.

Subsidie
€ 1.477.920
2025

Projectdetails

Introduction

Our brain is able to turn external signals coming into our senses into a vivid and coherent experience of reality. At the same time, our brain is also able to generate sensory experience in the absence of external signals via imagination.

Perception vs. Imagination

Contrary to our intuition, our experience of reality is not an objective reflection of the external world, since the brain has no direct access to that. Instead, what we perceive as reality is an inference that the brain makes about its own activity, which is both externally driven (by sensory input) and internally driven (by imagination).

Recent research has shown that imagining something leads to similar patterns of brain activity as perceiving that same thing in reality. This raises the question: how does the brain determine whether activity represents reality or imagination?

Hypothesis

I hypothesize that to distinguish imagination and reality, the brain relies on a perceptual reality monitoring process where higher-order brain regions infer perceptual reality when sensory signals are strong enough and there is low cognitive control.

Research Questions

I propose to test this idea by answering three complementary questions:

  1. How does sensory processing influence reality judgments?
  2. How does cognitive control influence reality judgments?
  3. How are different signals integrated and evaluated to form reality judgments?

Methodology

To answer these questions, I will use a novel psychophysical paradigm to experimentally induce confusions between imagery and perception in healthy participants.

I will precisely characterize neural processes during these confusions by combining state-of-the-art techniques:

  • High-field fMRI
  • MEG
  • tRNS

Additionally, I will employ advanced computational methods such as:

  • Multivariate decoding
  • Bayesian modeling

Expected Outcomes

The results of this project will increase our fundamental understanding of core cognitive processes such as perception and memory and will provide a novel perspective on disorders of reality monitoring such as psychosis.

Financiële details & Tijdlijn

Financiële details

Subsidiebedrag€ 1.477.920
Totale projectbegroting€ 1.477.920

Tijdlijn

Startdatum1-1-2025
Einddatum31-12-2029
Subsidiejaar2025

Partners & Locaties

Projectpartners

  • UNIVERSITY COLLEGE LONDONpenvoerder

Land(en)

United Kingdom

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