​Targeting Palmitic Acid Signaling Machinery to Inhibit Metastatic Cancer

Introduction

Despite recent breakthroughs in immunotherapy and cancer research, metastasis continues to be responsible for 90% of cancer-related deaths. While surgical resection and adjuvant therapy can cure localized tumors, once tumor cells metastasize, cancer remains largely incurable.

Role of Lipids in Metastasis

Increasing evidence indicates that lipids play a crucial role in the metastatic process by providing energy and membrane components required for cell migration and outgrowth. They also trigger specific signaling cascades that prime cancer cells into a metastatic program (Martin-Perez et al., Cell Metabolism 2022).

Key Findings

Importantly, we have found that:

1. Palmitic acid, but not other fatty acids, promotes metastasis in a large number of tumors.
2. Metastatic initiating cells require a lipid metabolism reprogramming driven by epigenetic remodeling (Pascual et al. Nature 2017; Pascual et al. Nature 2021).
3. Fatty acids promote metastasis not only by providing energy to metastatic cells (Delauney et al. Nature 2022) but also by specifically modulating protein lipidation.

Targeting Lipid Signaling

Thus, targeting this particular lipid signaling machinery may represent an unexplored solution to combat metastasis.

Project Goals

PalmitoMET aims to identify novel molecules capable of inhibiting specific protein lipidation to treat metastasis in preclinical models, with the aim to bring them closer to the clinic.

Potential Impact

Inhibitors found during this project have the potential to become first-in-class drugs, making this project a high-risk but high-gain endeavor, considering the very large and growing market we are addressing.