A new X-ray pulsar navigation system for Deep Space Exploration

Introduction

The DeepSpacePULSE project aims at studying the viability of an autonomous Pulsar X-ray Navigation unit that will improve by an order of magnitude almost all aspects of previous similar systems. This advancement will make these satellite positioning devices competitive in both the public and private space market.

Background on Pulsars

Pulsars are astrophysical objects, namely the final result of the supernova explosions of very massive stars. We have detected thus far about three thousand pulsars in our Galaxy, but we know this is only the tip of the iceberg of their entire population.

Advantages of Pulsars

Pulsars are perfect clocks with unprecedented stabilities, making them an ideal GPS system in space. The DeepSpacePULSE Pulsar Navigation System is expected to be an efficient, small, and light navigation unit to be mounted in future space missions.

Recent Developments

This novel navigation technique has been recently tested on the International Space Station. It can be used within our own Solar System, reducing costs compared to more standard positioning systems, and also for future deep-space navigation.

Challenges in Deep-Space Travel

Travelling in deep-space is currently limited by the required power to exchange information with Earth, particularly concerning the satellite positioning system and orbit determination.

Future Exploration Goals

The first step for future deep-space exploration is to develop the technology that will allow any space mission to guide the spacecraft autonomously.

Project Objectives

DeepSpacePULSE, using this ERC PoC Lump Sum, aims to perform a feasibility study for a new concept of an autonomous X-ray pulsar navigation system. This system is expected to:

1. Weigh about 10kg
2. Be as big as a microwave oven
3. Utilize a new pulsar observation plan that will possibly permit stable autonomous positioning for a few centuries.