Orientation-Patterned Gallium Phosphide for Integrated Nonlinear Photonics

Introduction

Nonlinear optics is a thriving research field with numerous practical applications in advanced laser sources, all-optical frequency conversion, optical computing, generation of entangled pairs and quantum cryptography, supercontinuum, and terahertz-radiation generation. Traditionally reserved for bulk, tabletop optical systems, there is an increasing drive in the photonics community to scale these applications to fit on a chip.

Challenges

The main bottleneck in the convergence of nonlinear optics and integrated photonics is that the volume of nonlinear crystals needs to be reduced by at least a factor of 7. Achieving such a volume reduction requires a major scientific breakthrough.

Project Overview

The PANDORA project tackles this issue with the following combination:

1. A material with a high nonlinear figure of merit -- gallium phosphide (GaP).
2. Apply orientation patterning to engineer and exalt the intrinsic nonlinear properties of GaP.
3. Shape the resulting crystal -- OP-GaP -- into guiding structures that allow ultimate compactness.

Key Results

The cornerstone of the project is a recent result obtained by the PI and his team, showing that OP-GaP waveguides have the potential to outperform all existing nonlinear crystals with a form factor compatible with photonic integration.

Future Directions

The PANDORA project proposes to build upon this result and draw out the full potential of OP-GaP as a single material platform for integrated nonlinear optics.