Deep U-tube heat exchanger breakthrough: combining laser and cryogenic gas for geothermal energy exploitation

Introduction

The future disruptive technology envisioned in Deep U-tube heat exchanger breakthrough: combining laser and cryogenics gas for geothermal energy exploitation (DeepU) Project is expected to revolutionize the deep geothermal energy sector.

Project Goals

The ultimate goal is to create a deep (>4 km) closed-loop connection in the shape of a U-tube exchanger, combining laser and cryogenic gas in a single technological drilling solution.

Technology Development

Specific temperature control analysis and innovative laser lenses able to convey the heat and to sustain multilateral drilling will be developed alongside the U-tube creation. This will guarantee liquefaction and vitrification of the rocks from ground surface to greater depths.

Heat Exchange System

Then, a U-tube system ready to exchange heat with the underground becomes the main tool to exploit or store geothermal energy, meeting energy needs in power and thermal energy production.

Science-to-Technology Breakthrough

Hence, the DeepU project targets a novel and ambitious science-to-technology breakthrough in the field of geothermal exploitation. The overall aim is the creation in the laboratory of a vitrified, waterproof, non-cracked U-tube exchanger for different kinds of rocks.

Methodology

This will be achieved by a laser drill head combined with special drill strings sustaining the coupled action of laser and cryogenic gas, responsible for melting, evaporating, and cooling even the hardest rocks.

Assessment Areas

Then, the following areas will be assessed:

1. The physical-thermal phenomena affecting the rocks.
2. An evaluation of the legislative aspects and environmental standards related to the innovation proposed.
3. The modeling of the DeepU geothermal exploitation potential considering some virtual case studies.

Innovation Potential

The high-risk innovation proposed has the potential to make geothermal energy systems accessible anywhere in a targeted and demand-oriented manner. This offers a complementary approach and an alternative solution to traditional energy storage and production, decentralizing the power supply also in areas where this is currently deemed uneconomic.